ABSTRACT
Since the implementation of the Measures for the Management of Radiation Workers’ Occupational Health in November 2007, it has played an extremely important role in protecting the occupational health of radiation workers. There are more than 700 000 radiation workers in about 100 000 workplaces with potential radiation exposure, as well as a large number of miners exposed to high levels of radon. As the radiation health monitoring project suggests, measures of occupational health management such as personal dose monitoring and occupational health examination of radiation workers have been widely implemented and achieved good results in the protection of radiation workers. However, the risks of chromosomal aberration and specific turbidity of the eye lens of radiation workers have increased in high-risk positions such as interventional radiology, nuclear medicine, and industrial flaw detection. The control of high radon exposure in miners needs to be strengthened. It is necessary to adapt to the new situation in view of new challenges and actively promote the revision of the Measures for the Management of Radiation Workers’ Occupational Health, so as to further improve the occupational health management of radiation workers in China.
ABSTRACT
According to the requirements of the instructions for the preparation of health standards of Regulations on The Drafting And Review of Health Standards, the drafting and matters needing attention of each part of instructions for the preparation of health standards were analyzed and discussed, and the suggestions on instructions for the preparation of health standards were put forward, so as to provide references for the compilation of instructions for the preparation of health standards.Instructions for the preparation of health standards should fully reflect the whole process of standard compilation and be consistent with the standard text. The compilation of each part should be detailed and appropriate. In order to analyze the relationship with relevant domestic documents and other standards, existing documents and standards should be listed as comprehensively as possible. According to the different adoption of standards and different requirements, the comparative analysis with international standards should be discussed. The basis of main technical contents should be mainly discussed, and the basis for determining technical indicators should be fully detailed and clear. Attention should be paid to the compilation of instructions for the preparation of health standards, which should be treated as standard text and play an important role in instructions for the preparation of health standards.
ABSTRACT
Objective@#To study the influencing factors of fracture nonunion after intramedullary nailing for subtrochanteric fracture and construct a risk assessment model.@*Methods@#A retrospective analysis was performed on 251 patients with intramedullary nail fractures of the femoral subtrochanteric fracture from February 2006 to January 2018. According to the different treatment time, the 251 patients included in this study were divided into the modeling group and the verification group. In the modeling group, postoperative fracture nonunion rate, general data, fracture related factors, surgical reduction related factors, mechanical and biological factors were calculated, and the influencing factors of fracture nonunion were screened by univariate analysis. Indicators with statistical differences in univariate analysis were analyzed using Logistic regression model for multivariate analysis to build the risk assessment model. The influencing factors were re-evaluated through the verification group, and the differentiation and calibration of the model were evaluated.@*Results@#Fracture nonunion occurred in 34 of 149 patients in the modeling group. Among the 13 potential influencing factors, univariate analysis and logistic regression analysis showed that postoperative hip varus, intramedullary nail fixation failure and complete open reduction were the risk factors of fracture nonunion. Postoperative reduction of medial cortex was a protective factor for fracture nonunion, and a regression equation was established. Based on the logistic regression model, the Nomogram diagram was drawn. In the verification group, fracture nonunion occurred in 24 of 149 patients. The area under the ROC curve was AUC=0.883>0.7, indicating that there was a moderate differentiation to evaluate the occurrence of fracture nonunion after operation. The goodness of fit test: the H-L test (χ2=2.921, P=0.712) showed that the model had a good calibration.@*Conclusion@#The risk factors of fracture nonunion were hip varus, failure of intramedullary nail fixation and complete open reduction after intramedullary nailing of subtrochanteric fracture, and postoperative reduction of medial cortex was the protective factor. The risk assessment model has moderate differentiation and good calibration, which can provide reference for the risk assessment of fracture nonunion after subtrochanteric fracture operation.
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the influencing factors of fracture nonunion after intramedullary nailing for subtrochanteric fracture and construct a risk assessment model.Methods A retrospective analysis was performed on 251 patients with intramedullary nail fractures of the femoral subtrochanteric fracture from February 2006 to January 2018.According to the different treatment time,the 251 patients included in this study were divided into the modeling group and the verification group.In the modeling group,postoperative fracture nonunion rate,general data,fracture related factors,surgical reduction related factors,mechanical and biological factors were calculated,and the influencing factors of fracture nonunion were screened by univariate analysis.Indicators with statistical differences in univariate analysis were analyzed using Logistic regression model for multivariate analysis to build the risk assessment model.The influencing factors were re-evaluated through the verification group,and the differentiation and calibration of the model were evaluated.Results Fracture nonunion occurred in 34 of 149 patients in the modeling group.Among the 13 potential influencing factors,univariate analysis and logistic regression analysis showed that postoperative hip varus,intramedullary nail fixation failure and complete open reduction were the risk factors of fracture nonunion.Postoperative reduction of medial cortex was a protective factor for fracture nonunion,and a regression equation was established.Based on the logistic regression model,the Nomogram diagram was drawn.In the verification group,fracture nonunion occurred in 24 of 149 patients.The area under the ROC curve was AUC=0.883 ＞ 0.7,indicating that there was a moderate differentiation to evaluate the occurrence of fracture nonunion after operation.The goodness of fit test:the H-L test (x2=2.921,P=0.712) showed that the model had a good calibration.Conclusion The risk factors of fracture nonunion were hip varus,failure of intramedullary nail fixation and complete open reduction after intramedullary nailing of subtrochanteric fracture,and postoperative reduction of medial cortex was the protective factor.The risk assessment model has moderate differentiation and good calibration,which can provide reference for the risk assessment of fracture nonunion after subtrochanteric fracture operation.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disease that represents a tremendous burden on both patients and society in general. Studies have addressed how demographic variables, socioeconomic variables, and psychological comorbidity are related to the quality of life (QOL) of people with epilepsy (PWE). However, there has been less focus on how these factors may differ between patients who exhibit varying degrees of seizure control. This study utilized data from the Managing Epilepsy Well (MEW) Network of the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention with the aim of elucidating differences in demographic variables, depression, and QOL between adult PWE. METHODS: Demographic variables, depression, and QOL were compared between PWE who experience clinically relevant differences in seizure occurrence. RESULTS: Gender, ethnicity, race, education, income, and relationship status did not differ significantly between the seizure-frequency categories (p>0.05). People with worse seizure control were significantly younger (p=0.039), more depressed (as assessed using the Patient Health Questionnaire) (p=0.036), and had lower QOL (as determined using the 10-item Quality of Life in Epilepsy for Adults scale) (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: The present results underscore the importance of early screening, detection, and treatment of depression, since these factors relate to both seizure occurrence and QOL in PWE.
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Comorbidity , Racial Groups , Depression , Education , Epilepsy , Mass Screening , Quality of Life , Seizures , Self CareABSTRACT
Objective To compare intramedullary nail (IN) and dynamic hip screw (DHS) regarding their effects on hip abduction following fixation of intertrochanteric fractures.Methods From January 2008 to December 2015,310 patients with intertrochanteric firacture were treated at our department.They were divided into 2 groups depending on the manner of treatment.198 patients (71 males and 127 females) were subjected to intramedullary nailing,with an average age of 74.7 ± 5.6 years;there were 50 cases of 31-A 1,134 ones of 3 1-A2 and 14 ones of 3 1-A3 according to the AO classification.112 patients (35 males and 77 females) were subjected to dynamic hip screwing,with an average age of 74.1 ± 6.7 years;there were 24 cases of 31-A1,78 ones of 31-A2 and 10 ones of 31-A3.The 2 groups were compared in terms of time for weight-bearing ambulation and stand on one leg,gait,pelvic tilt,range of hip active abduction,muscle strength of the abductor and hip function at the final follow-up.Results Of this series,284 patients were followed up for 1.5 to 8.5 years (average,3.6 years) and 26 patients died.The IN group achieved significantly better outcomes in terms of time for weight-bearing ambulation (37.6 ±4.9 d),time for stand on one leg (60.1 ± 9.5 d),cases of normal gait and normal pelvic tilt (171 and 179),muscle strength of the abductor (62.3 ±4.4 N · m),and range of hip active abduction than the DHS group (53.0 ±8.4 d;71.0 ± 12.0 d;67 and 85;56.6 ± 3.3 N · m,respectively) (P ＜ 0.05).There was no significant difference between the 2 groups in the hip function at the final follow-up(91.4％ versus 84.5％ in the excellent and good rate)(P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion Compared with dynamic hip screwing,intramedullary nailing has a limited effect on hip abduction so that the patients may benefit from quicker functional recovery and faster improvement in quality of life.
ABSTRACT
A method of high performance liquid chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry was used to detect the endogenous metabolites changes in plasma of normal rats, rats of dampness stagnancy due to spleen deficiency and Astragalus flavone component intervention rats. Metabolism map of rat plasma was obtained and the mechanism of Astragalus flavonoids on dampness stagnancy due to spleen deficiency was studied. Rat model with dampness stagnancy due to spleen deficiency was established by high fat and low protein diet plus load swimming. Liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry was used for the analysis of rat plasma sample, and 0.05％ formic acid water with 0.05％ formic acid acetonitrile as the mobile phase was applied in gradient elution with Halo C18 chromatographic column. In this study, partial least squares discriminant analysis and variance analysis were used to screen the potential biomarkers, it was found that the metabolic profile of the Astragalus flavonoids was different from that of the model group, which was close to that of the normal group. A total of 11 potential biomarkers were identified, including glycerol phospholipids, sphingolipids, amino acids, and so on. The metabolic pathways of biomarkers including three tricarboxylic acid cycle, glycerol phospholipid metabolism, fatty acid metabolism, amino acid metabolism and so on, which mainly related to energy metabolism and fat metabolism in the body. Related indexes of rats with syndrome of spleen deficiency of water and dampness were significantly callback after Astragalus flavone intervention, including macro indicators such as body weight, independent activities and micro indicators such as metabolic markers, blood lipids and others. The result showed that Astragalus flavonoids played the role of strengthening the spleen and draining the water mainly through regulating the energy metabolism, fat metabolism and so on.
ABSTRACT
BACKGROUND:Increasing evidence col ected from animal experiments or laboratories shows that bone mesenchymal stem cel s possess potent immunosuppression and anti-inflammation effects and cartilage regenerative capability. The microenvironment in human knee joint of osteoporosis is more complex and involves lots of bioactive factors and immunologic mechanisms. OBJECTIVE:The analyze the therapeutic effects of intra-articular injection of autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s on mild-to-moderate osteoporosis, and to investigate the mechanisms for anti-inflammation, immunoregulation and reversion of cartilage degradation. METHODS:About 15 mL bone marrow was aspired from 26 patients with mild-to-moderate osteoporosis and taken to the laboratory where bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s were isolated and characterized in terms of some surface markers by a flow cytometer, and the ability of osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation was analyzed. The bilateral knees of each patient were divided into two groups at random. The experiment group were treated with autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s by intra-articular injection (2×107 cel s), while the control group injected the same volume of control medium without bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s. Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index was used to estimate the function of the knee joints before and after the treatment. We col ected the joint fluid before, 2 and 4 weeks post treatment, and then measured the production of interleukin-1, interleukin-10, tumor necrosis factor-α, cartilage oligomeric matrix protein using ELISA. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:According to the standardized culture-expansion protocol, a sufficient number of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s (more than 2×107 passage 3 cel s) were obtained for intra-articular injection. The bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s isolated from patients were positive for CD105, CD29 and negative for CD45, CD34, and had the fair osteogenic and adipogenic capacities. The function of the knee joints was improved obviously after treatment. In the experimental group, the secretion of both interleukin-1, tumor necrosis factor-αand cartilage oligomeric matrix protein in the joint fluid was suppressed, while the interleukin-10 level was up-regulated compared to the control group. The results suggest that intra-articular injection of autologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s can exert good effect in mild-to-moderate osteoporosis patients. Furthermore, bone marrow mesenchymal stem cel s via intra-articular injection can function through anti-inflammation and reversion of degradation of the articular cartilage, which is a new promising approach for treating mild-to-moderate osteoarthritis.
ABSTRACT
Whether there was crossing between Astragalus major split constituents was explored, and the methodology of cross validation for split constituents was studied to determine Astragalus sweet and warm property. The Astragalus was extracted by boiling water or other different solvents, and detected by HPLC-DAD or HPLC-ELSD. Finally, the similarity of each constituent was calculated by fingerprint software. Similarities of flavonoids and saponin constituents were all less than 0.31 and 0.34, respectively, compared to other constituents. The cross situation of nature-taste split components which was extracted by solvents was not serious. This method was proven to be feasible, and provided a theoretical and substantial basis for the Chinese taste pharmacological experiments and would be conductive to determine Astragalus sweet and warm property.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE:To discuss the choice of artificial thigh bone prosthetic material and curative effects of artificial thigh bone prosthesis for treating femur intertrochanteric comminuted fracture of senior patients.METHODS:We retrieved China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) in Chinese (1977/2009) and Medline database in English (1977/2009) with the key words of "femur intertrochanteric fracture;artificial femoral head arthroplasty;elderly patient".Totally 83 articles were retrieved,and 34 articles were included in accordance with inclusion and exclusion criteria.Literatures addressing artificial thigh bone prosthesis,intertrochanteric fracture in elderly patients and artificial femoral head replacement in treatment of femur intertrochanteric fracture were summarized,and curative effect of artificial thigh bone prosthesis for treating intertrochanteric fracture in elderly patients was explored.RESULTS:Artificial thigh bone prosthesis had been widely used in treatment of various femur intertrochantedc fractures.There are many types of artificial thigh bone prosthesis such as metal material,high polymer polyethylene,ceramic material and carbon material,which had obtained significant outcomes.Function of artificial thigh bone prosthesis was improved gradually,and became widely in clinic.Artificial thigh bone prosthesis has presently been an optimal method for treating femur intertrochanteric comminuted fracture in elderly patients.However,this method exist many problems that require to be solved such as high operation risk and many complications.CONCLUSION:There are many materials for choosing artificial thigh bone prosthesis,with various advantages and disadvantages.Presently,complex artificial thigh bone prosthesis is commonly used in clinic.Artificial thigh bone prosthesis is an ideal method to treat femur intertrochanteric comminuted fracture of elderly patients.